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424 lines
11 KiB
424 lines
11 KiB
# Wappalyzer [](https://travis-ci.org/aliasio/wappalyzer/)
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[Wappalyzer](https://www.wappalyzer.com) identifies technologies on websites, including content management systems, ecommerce platforms, JavaScript frameworks, analytics tools and [much more](https://www.wappalyzer.com/technologies).
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* [wappalyzer on NPM](https://www.npmjs.com/package/wappalyzer)
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* [wappalyzer-core on NPM](https://www.npmjs.com/package/wappalyzer-core)
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* [Chrome extension](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/wappalyzer/gppongmhjkpfnbhagpmjfkannfbllamg)
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* [Firefox add-on](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/wappalyzer/)
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* [Edge extension](https://microsoftedge.microsoft.com/addons/detail/mnbndgmknlpdjdnjfmfcdjoegcckoikn)
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* [Wappalyzer REST APIs](https://www.wappalyzer.com/api/)
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## Prerequisites
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- [Git](https://git-scm.com)
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- [Node.js](https://nodejs.org) version 12 or higher
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- [Yarn](https://yarnpkg.com)
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## Quick start
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```sh
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git clone https://github.com/aliasio/wappalyzer
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cd wappalyzer
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yarn install
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yarn run link
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```
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## Usage
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### Command line
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```sh
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node src/drivers/npm/cli.js https://example.com
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```
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### Chrome extension
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* Go go `about:extensions`
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* Enable 'Developer mode'
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* Click 'Load unpacked'
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* Select `src/drivers/webextension`
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### Firefox extension
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* Go go `about:debugging#/runtime/this-firefox`
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* Click 'Load Temporary Add-on'
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* Select `src/drivers/webextension/manifest.json`
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## Specification
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A long list of [regular expressions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions) is used to identify technologies on web pages. Wappalyzer inspects HTML code, as well as JavaScript variables, response headers and more.
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Patterns (regular expressions) are kept in [`src/technologies.json`](https://github.com/aliasio/wappalyzer/blob/master/src/technologies.json). The following is an example of an application fingerprint.
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#### Example
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```json
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"Example": {
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"description": "A short description of the technology.",
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"cats": [
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"1"
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],
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"cookies": {
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"cookie_name": "Example"
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},
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"dom": {
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"#example-id": {
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"attributes": {
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"class": "example-class"
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},
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"properties": {
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"example-property": ""
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},
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"content": "Example text content"
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}
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},
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"dns": {
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"MX": [
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"example\\.com"
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]
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},
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"js": {
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"Example.method": ""
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},
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"excludes": "Example",
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"headers": {
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"X-Powered-By": "Example"
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},
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"html": "<link[^>]example\\.css",
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"css": "\\.example-class",
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"robots": "Disallow: /unique-path/",
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"implies": "PHP\\;confidence:50",
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"meta": {
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"generator": "(?:Example|Another Example)"
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},
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"script": "example-([0-9.]+)\\.js\\;confidence:50\\;version:\\1",
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"url": ".+\\.example\\.com",
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"website": "https://example.com",
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}
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```
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## JSON fields
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Find the JSON schema at [`schema.json`](https://github.com/aliasio/wappalyzer/blob/master/schema.json).
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### Required properties
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<table>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Field</th>
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<th>Type</th>
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<th>Description</th>
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<th>Example</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td><code>cats</code></td>
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<td>Array</td>
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<td>
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One or more category IDs.
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</td>
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<td><code>[1, 6]</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>website</code></td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>URL of the application's website.</td>
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<td>
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<code>"https://example.com"</code>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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### Optional properties
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<table>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Field</th>
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<th>Type</th>
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<th>Description</th>
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<th>Example</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td><code>description</code></td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>
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A short description of the technology in British English (max.
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250 characters). Write in a neutral, factual tone; not like an
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ad.
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</td>
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<td><code>"A short description."</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>icon</code></td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>Application icon filename.</td>
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<td><code>"WordPress.svg"</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>cpe</code></td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>
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The
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<a href="https://cpe.mitre.org/about/" target="_blank">CPE</a>
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is a structured naming scheme for applications, see the
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<a href="https://cpe.mitre.org/specification/" target="_blank"
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>specification</a
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>.
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</td>
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<td><code>"cpe:/a:apache:http_server"</code></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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### Implies and excludes (optional)
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<table>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Field</th>
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<th>Type</th>
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<th>Description</th>
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<th>Example</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td><code>implies</code></td>
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<td>String | Array</td>
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<td>
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The presence of one application can imply the presence of
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another, e.g. WordpPress means PHP is also in use.
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</td>
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<td><code>"PHP"</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>excludes</code></td>
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<td>String | Array</td>
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<td>
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Opposite of implies. The presence of one application can exclude
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the presence of another.
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</td>
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<td><code>"Apache"</code></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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### Patterns (optional)
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<table>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Field</th>
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<th>Type</th>
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<th>Description</th>
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<th>Example</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td><code>cookies</code></td>
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<td>Object</td>
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<td>Cookies.</td>
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<td><code>{ "cookie_name": "Cookie value" }</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>dom</code></td>
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<td>Object</td>
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<td>
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Uses a
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<a
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href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/querySelectorAll"
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target="_blank"
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noopener
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>query selector</a
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>
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to inspect element properties, attributes and text content.
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</td>
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<td>
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<code
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>{ "#example-id": { "property": { "example-prop": "" } }
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}</code
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>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>dns</code></td>
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<td>Object</td>
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<td>
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DNS records: supports MX, TXT, SOA and NS (NPM driver only).
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</td>
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<td>
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<code>{ "MX": "example\\.com" }</code>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>js</code></td>
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<td>Object</td>
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<td>
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JavaScript properties (case sensitive). Avoid short property
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names to prevent matching minified code.
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</td>
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<td><code>{ "jQuery.fn.jquery": "" }</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>headers</code></td>
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<td>Object</td>
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<td>HTTP response headers.</td>
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<td><code>{ "X-Powered-By": "^WordPress$" }</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>html</code></td>
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<td>String | Array</td>
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<td>
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HTML source code. Patterns must include an HTML opening tag to
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avoid matching plain text. For performance reasons, avoid
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<code>html</code> where possible and use
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<code>dom</code> instead.
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</td>
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<td><code>"<a [^>]*href=\"index.html"</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>css</code></td>
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<td>String | Array</td>
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<td>
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CSS rules. Unavailable when a website enforces a same-origin
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policy. For performance reasons, only a portion of the available
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CSS rules are used to find matches.
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</td>
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<td><code>"\\.example-class"</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>robots</code></td>
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<td>String | Array</td>
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<td>
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Robots.txt contents.
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</td>
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<td><code>"Disallow: /unique-path/"</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>url</code></td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>Full URL of the page.</td>
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<td><code>"^https?//.+\\.wordpress\\.com"</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>meta</code></td>
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<td>Object</td>
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<td>HTML meta tags, e.g. generator.</td>
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<td><code>{ "generator": "^WordPress$" }</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>scripts</code></td>
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<td>String | Array</td>
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<td>
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URLs of JavaScript files included on the page.
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</td>
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<td><code>"jquery\\.js"</code></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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## Patterns
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Patterns are essentially JavaScript regular expressions written as strings, but with some additions.
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### Quirks and pitfalls
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- Because of the string format, the escape character itself must be escaped when using special characters such as the dot (`\\.`). Double quotes must be escaped only once (`\"`). Slashes do not need to be escaped (`/`).
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- Flags are not supported. Regular expressions are treated as case-insensitive.
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- Capture groups (`()`) are used for version detection. In other cases, use non-capturing groups (`(?:)`).
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- Use start and end of string anchors (`^` and `$`) where possible for optimal performance.
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- Short or generic patterns can cause applications to be identified incorrectly. Try to find unique strings to match.
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### Tags
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Tags (a non-standard syntax) can be appended to patterns (and implies and excludes, separated by `\\;`) to store additional information.
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<table>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Tag</th>
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<th>Description</th>
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<th>Example</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td><code>confidence</code></td>
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<td>
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Indicates a less reliable pattern that may cause false
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positives. The aim is to achieve a combined confidence of 100%.
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Defaults to 100% if not specified.
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</td>
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<td>
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<code>"js": { "Mage": "\\;confidence:50" }</code>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>version</code></td>
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<td>
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Gets the version number from a pattern match using a special
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syntax.
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</td>
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<td>
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<code>"scripts": "jquery-([0-9.]+)\.js\\;version:\\1"</code>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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### Version syntax
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Application version information can be obtained from a pattern using a capture group. A condition can be evaluated using the ternary operator (`?:`).
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<table>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Example</th>
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<th>Description</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td><code>\\1</code></td>
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<td>Returns the first match.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>\\1?a:</code></td>
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<td>
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Returns a if the first match contains a value, nothing
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otherwise.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>\\1?a:b</code></td>
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<td>
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Returns a if the first match contains a value, b otherwise.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>\\1?:b</code></td>
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<td>
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Returns nothing if the first match contains a value, b
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otherwise.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>foo\\1</code></td>
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<td>
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Returns foo with the first match appended.
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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