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Summary

EfficientNet is a convolutional neural network architecture and scaling method that uniformly scales all dimensions of depth/width/resolution using a compound coefficient. Unlike conventional practice that arbitrary scales these factors, the EfficientNet scaling method uniformly scales network width, depth, and resolution with a set of fixed scaling coefficients. For example, if we want to use 2^N times more computational resources, then we can simply increase the network depth by \alpha ^ N, width by \beta ^ N, and image size by \gamma ^ N, where \alpha, \beta, \gamma are constant coefficients determined by a small grid search on the original small model. EfficientNet uses a compound coefficient \phi to uniformly scales network width, depth, and resolution in a principled way.

The compound scaling method is justified by the intuition that if the input image is bigger, then the network needs more layers to increase the receptive field and more channels to capture more fine-grained patterns on the bigger image.

The base EfficientNet-B0 network is based on the inverted bottleneck residual blocks of MobileNetV2, in addition to squeeze-and-excitation blocks.

This collection of models amends EfficientNet by adding CondConv convolutions.

How do I use this model on an image?

To load a pretrained model:

import timm
model = timm.create_model('tf_efficientnet_cc_b1_8e', pretrained=True)
model.eval()

To load and preprocess the image:

import urllib
from PIL import Image
from timm.data import resolve_data_config
from timm.data.transforms_factory import create_transform

config = resolve_data_config({}, model=model)
transform = create_transform(**config)

url, filename = ("https://github.com/pytorch/hub/raw/master/images/dog.jpg", "dog.jpg")
urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, filename)
img = Image.open(filename).convert('RGB')
tensor = transform(img).unsqueeze(0) # transform and add batch dimension

To get the model predictions:

import torch
with torch.no_grad():
    out = model(tensor)
probabilities = torch.nn.functional.softmax(out[0], dim=0)
print(probabilities.shape)
# prints: torch.Size([1000])

To get the top-5 predictions class names:

# Get imagenet class mappings
url, filename = ("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pytorch/hub/master/imagenet_classes.txt", "imagenet_classes.txt")
urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, filename) 
with open("imagenet_classes.txt", "r") as f:
    categories = [s.strip() for s in f.readlines()]

# Print top categories per image
top5_prob, top5_catid = torch.topk(probabilities, 5)
for i in range(top5_prob.size(0)):
    print(categories[top5_catid[i]], top5_prob[i].item())
# prints class names and probabilities like:
# [('Samoyed', 0.6425196528434753), ('Pomeranian', 0.04062102362513542), ('keeshond', 0.03186424449086189), ('white wolf', 0.01739676296710968), ('Eskimo dog', 0.011717947199940681)]

Replace the model name with the variant you want to use, e.g. tf_efficientnet_cc_b1_8e. You can find the IDs in the model summaries at the top of this page.

To extract image features with this model, follow the timm feature extraction examples, just change the name of the model you want to use.

How do I finetune this model?

You can finetune any of the pre-trained models just by changing the classifier (the last layer).

model = timm.create_model('tf_efficientnet_cc_b1_8e', pretrained=True).reset_classifier(NUM_FINETUNE_CLASSES)

To finetune on your own dataset, you have to write a training loop or adapt timm's training script to use your dataset.

How do I train this model?

You can follow the timm recipe scripts for training a new model afresh.

Citation

@article{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-1904-04971,
  author    = {Brandon Yang and
               Gabriel Bender and
               Quoc V. Le and
               Jiquan Ngiam},
  title     = {Soft Conditional Computation},
  journal   = {CoRR},
  volume    = {abs/1904.04971},
  year      = {2019},
  url       = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1904.04971},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  eprint    = {1904.04971},
  timestamp = {Thu, 25 Apr 2019 13:55:01 +0200},
  biburl    = {https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-1904-04971.bib},
  bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}
}

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